A centrifugal separator, also known as a ‘centrifuge’, is a type of machine used for separating phases of a fluid based upon density. The name ‘centrifugal separator’ arises because the working principal of the machine relies upon centrifugal force. Purifiers and clarifiers are types of centrifugal separator.

This article focuses upon fuel oil purifiers used in the maritime world. Throughout this article, it is possible to replace the word ‘fuel’ with ‘fluid’ and apply the knowledge and working principles to other applications and industries e.g. lube oil purifier (lubrication oil purifier) instead of fuel oil purifier. If you want to learn more about fuel oil purifiers after reading this article, please see our Fuel Purifier and Clarifier Basics Online Video Course.

Note: The terms ‘centrifugal separator’ and ‘centrifuge’ are often used interchangeably; there is no difference between the two items other than the terminology.

Centrifugal Separator Applications

The separation of a fluid into its various phases is required in many engineering processes, some common examples include:

• Removing solids and water from fuel oil (water from diesel etc.).
• Removing fat from milk to make skimmed milk (the removed fat is sold as cream).
• Removing gums and lecithin from vegetable oil (improves quality of oil, gums sold as a by-product).
• Removing water from wet clothing (washing machines).